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In 2020, the Main State Exam (OGE) will be held a little in an updated format. The reason for this is the transition to federal state standards, which is gradually being introduced over the past 8 years. The FIPI website already has promising models of control measuring materials that roughly show what awaits us next year.
The main differences of the upcoming exams
The new exam models, which can be found on the official website of FIPI (fipi.ru), have one thing in common: they are more designed to use the skills and knowledge of children to solve specific problems, including communicative and practical. Whereas before schoolchildren were tested mainly on how well they remembered the training material, now they will have to demonstrate the skills of applying the acquired knowledge.
We remind you that a promising model is just a project that is intended for social and professional discussion. It can still be changed.
Schoolchildren should be able to systematize information, compare facts, select arguments to explain one or another thesis, and correctly convey their thoughts. Naturally, this requires appropriate training. This is what educational institutions have been doing for the past 8 years. Since 2011, schoolchildren began to be trained according to federal state standards (GEF), focusing just on the development of the practical benefits of each subject and the development of necessary skills in students.
It is those who studied for 9 years under the new program, who will pass the Unified State Examination according to new templates in 2020. Therefore, you should not be afraid, they do not require anything unrealistic from schoolchildren. In addition, for more than a year, testing of design models has been carried out in all regions of Russia.
Please note: exercises of the old type from OGE will not be completely removed yet.
Obligatory subjects for OGE 2020 remain the Russian language and mathematics. How many additional exams will be - it’s impossible to say exactly yet. Most likely their number will increase from 2 to 4, but this decision has not yet been finalized. Among the additional subjects, chemistry, biology, social science, physics, history, computer science, geography, literature, and a foreign language (English, German, French, and Spanish) still remain. On the FIPI website there are already prototypes of OGE in all 11 disciplines (2 main and 9 secondary).
Story
Now the subject of “history” is studied linearly in GEF: from the 1st to the 9th grade, they study a length of time starting from ancient times and until 1914, from 10-11 they examine in detail the 20-21 century. Previously, in high school they simply repeated the entire course of history in abbreviated form. This will be reflected in OGE 2020.
The number of tasks will be reduced from 35 to 21, but their content will be deeper:
- instead of simply determining which era the map belongs to, it will be necessary to indicate which event is depicted on it;
- instead of determining by whom and when the historical text was written, it is necessary to find errors in it;
- instead of choosing the cause of the event from the list, you need to provide facts that explain it.
That is, you need not just choose the answer option. We'll have to bind together theses and facts, supplement tables and diagrams, etc. Questions will also appear on the history of other countries.
Maths
The math exam prototype proposes to complete 26 tasks.Among them, there are problems in algebra and geometry, although there is no formal separation, as it was in previous years.
In the second part, problems in probability theory and number theory were added. At the same time, tests have become more interesting, they force to include logic and thinking. We can say that now the exam will more closely resemble the exam in mathematics.
Russian language
In 2020, at the OGE in the Russian language, students are waiting for such tasks:
- the first part is a presentation;
- the second part - tests;
- the third is an essay.
The prospective model, in general, is similar to the one we saw in recent years. There are tasks like performing punctuation / synthetic analysis of a text, performing a lexical analysis of a word, placing commas, etc.
The most obvious difference is the reduction in the amount of work. If before the assignments there were 14 points, then in 2020 there are only 9. There are no significant differences in the issues themselves.
Physics
In the design sample of the OGE in physics, you can see that now on the exam there will be more tables, diagrams, diagrams, as well as practical experiments. The emphasis is on the application of skills acquired in the learning process. Now children are not only taught the laws of physics, but are encouraged to think about how a particular law was discovered, how it can be verified, etc. Also, students should be able to recognize which physical principles are behind a certain natural phenomenon or make home appliances / devices work.
Similar tasks are present in the KIM prototype for the physics exam:
- How does the focal length and optical power of a person’s lens change when they look at a watch?
- How does a microwave oven work?
- What physical phenomena are behind the compass / electric soldering iron?
The number of tasks increased from 26 to 28.
Computer science
There are fewer tests in computer science (15 tasks were proposed in KIM), but now the practical tasks from the second part will now be not 2, but 5. They will completely need to be performed on a computer. In a promising model created by FIPI, you can find such items as: create a presentation, create a document in a text editor, accurately repeating the style of the sample, enter the data in a spreadsheet, write an algorithm that solves a specific problem. That is, 9th graders will need the knowledge and skills that IT professionals must possess.
Other items
The essence of changes in promising models in other subjects is the same. In biology, in addition to general issues (where is the right atrium of the heart, etc.), there appear more social issues that are related to everyday life: healthy eating, ecology, diseases. KIM contains 30 questions.
The geography exam is a very interesting innovation - now students need to use information from the media.
9-graders who pass chemistry will have to work on the experiments. For example, confirm that ammonium sulfate is in the flask issued to you.
The exam in social studies will contain questions in which you need to describe personal experience, for example, write what rules family members should use when choosing products.
In the future, new standards will be implemented in the Unified State Exam. As planned, this should happen in 2022, just for the same students who will be the first to test the updated OGE.
Calendar OGE 2020
The preliminary schedule of exams for graduates of 9th grades for 2020 is already known and you can find out from the OGE schedule when this or that test will tentatively take place. Of course, the dates can still be adjusted, because the final version of the GIA calendar will be officially approved only by the end of 2019.
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