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Russians who have earned seniority in industries of varying degrees of severity and impact on health can apply for pensioner status until they reach the age established by Russian law for general cases. They will be able to apply for a preferential harmful pension in 2020 on the same terms, despite the implementation of the Pension Reform and the associated general increase in the age for going on well-deserved rest.
Accrual conditions
The retirement age for those working in conditions harmful to health will not rise in 2020. As before, age standards will depend on the “severity” of working conditions. Decree No. 10 of 01/26/1991 (for working hours until 01/01/1992 it is replaced by Decree of the USSR Council of Ministers No. 1173 of 08/22/1956) established professions whose representatives can process harmful payments earlier than their peers. They are combined in two groups:
- List No. 1 of 24 activities of the 3rd and 4th classes of working conditions;
- List No. 2 of 34 activities of the 3rd class of working conditions.
The classification of working conditions is reflected in Art. 8 of Law No. 426-FZ. The most dangerous 4th class is characterized by the presence of harmful factors that pose a threat to life and the risk of developing acute occupational diseases. Grade 3 includes four subclasses of varying degrees of harmfulness, ranging from those where workers manage to restore health outside the workplace to factors that provoke the initial, mild, moderate and severe stages of occupational diseases.
“Age discounts” for retirement due to harmfulness in 2020 are determined taking into account the gender of the potential pensioner and the length of service:
| For list number 1 | For list number 2 | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Men | Women | Men | Women | |
| Age | 50 | 45 | 55 | 50 |
| Specialty | 10 | 7.5 | 12.5 | 10 |
| Minimum insurance period | 20 | 15 | 25 | 20 |
Part 1, Art. 300 of Law No. 400-ФЗ also approves a “small list” with an additional list of professions, where work can also negatively affect health. For each of them, separate requirements are set for age standards, the duration of the total and harmful length of service. Some examples of requirements are given below:
| Direction | Men | Women | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Penny. age | Length of service | Specialty | Penny. age | Length of service | Specialty | |
| Citizens Flight Management aviation | 55 | 25 | 12.5 | 50 | 20 | 10 |
| Work with convicts for employees of the FSIN | 55 | 25 | 15 | 50 | 20 | 10 |
| Driving regular urban passenger transport | 55 | 25 | 20 | 50 | 20 | 15 |
| Driving freight transport in mines, mines and similar enterprises, working in locomotive crews, ensuring the safety of transportation on railway and in the subway | 55 | 25 | 12.5 | 50 | 20 | 10 |
In order to focus on the retirement age according to harmfulness, the name of the profession in the work book must exactly match one of the names from the official lists.
Mandatory conditions
You can apply for an early harm benefit pension in 2020 if three conditions are met simultaneously:
- Reaching age on the above Lists.
- The accumulation of minimum experience (general insurance and special hazard).
- The accumulation of minimum pension points (for 2020 - 18.6).
Another important condition concerns the accounting for “harmful” experience. In order for it to be taken into account after January 1, 2013, the employer must pay additional contributions to the FIU at special rates. Their size is calculated based on the results of a special assessment of working conditions in the field, the obligation of which is assigned to the employer.
The periods of probationary periods, production downtime, unpaid additional leave (including for study), and the prohibition of medical assistance are not taken into account of the harmful work experience.
Opportunities with incomplete special experience
Representatives of professions from Lists No. 1 and No. 2, who by 2020 will not be able to accumulate the required minimum length of service, have the right to reduce their retirement age relative to generally established age criteria. As such a guideline, in this case, indicators that are no longer relevant for most citizens are still in effect: women - 55 years old, men - 60 years old (current figures will soon reach the 60th and 65th milestones).
Only those citizens who have at least half of their special experience on Lists No. 1 and No. 2 will be able to take advantage of such a bonus. If there is a minimum of retirement points and total length of service, future retirees are required to reduce the standard age by one year:
- for List No. 1 - for each year worked by a man (woman), if the profession is assigned to List No. 1;
- for List No. 2 - for every 2 (2.5) years worked by a woman (man).
The procedure for calculating preferential pension
The principle of calculating the hazard pension is in accordance with the standard scheme. A slight increase in payments is expected due to indexation by 6.6% from January 1, 2020. The total amount will be formed of two components:
- fixed part - 5686.25 rubles. (compared with 5,334, 18 rubles in 2019);
- pension capital in the form of accumulated pension points - 93 rubles. for each point (for 2019 was 87, 24 rubles).
There are no special bonuses for this type of pension provision. But additional wage premiums “for harmfulness” during the course of work usually allow you to save a little more points, so the amount of payments may exceed the average.
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