The legislation classifies large families as a socially vulnerable layer of the population - parents who have confirmed their status have the right to certain privileges. Which points of state assistance to large families will remain the same in 2020, and which will undergo changes?
Who is eligible for benefits
In order for a large family to be able to use state aid and the prescribed benefits, parents must confirm their status and obtain a certificate.
Families with 3 or more children are recognized as large families under federal law, but in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, where there are no problems with the birth rate, other standards may be established. This is not against the law.
All children must be minors with one exception - a university student undergoing full-time education on the budget is considered a member of a large family until he is 23 years old. Blood relationship is not mandatory - children can be either family or adoptive. To obtain a certificate, you must contact the social protection authorities or the multifunctional center (MFC). The procedure is free. Documents are accepted from parents or guardians. If the parents are divorced, then the one with whom the children remain is contacted. The registration procedure can be delegated to another person by a notarized power of attorney.
The composition of the package of documents is determined by regional legislation - a prerequisite is the provision of birth certificates, extracts from the home book.
The certificate is not issued (and therefore - benefits are not provided) if the parents:
- registered in different areas or reside permanently outside of Russia;
- separated children after divorce;
- deprived of parental rights.
When moving to another area, it is necessary to renew the certificate. In some areas, the validity of the document is limited - it also has to be reissued with a certain frequency.
Disputes are resolved by regional authorities. The received certificate is presented to authorized persons and upon request.
List of discounts, benefits, payments
What are the discounts, benefits and payments for large families in 2020? All privileges provided by presidential decree No. 431 (as amended on 02.25.03) remain valid. Parents with many children have a discount on utilities in the amount of at least 30%. If there is no central heating, then a discount is given when paying for fuel purchased within the norms.
Children are enrolled in pre-school institutions out of turn. In accordance with the presidential decree, up to 6 years they should be provided with free medicines on the basis of prescriptions issued by the doctor. Family members receive the right to use the services of public transport (with the exception of taxis). In the case of students in secondary schools, the benefit also applies to intra-district suburban lines. Free meals are provided for schoolchildren and students of vocational schools, as well as providing uniforms (including sportswear) until after high school. Once a month, children have the right to visit the cultural park, museum, and exhibition for free.
Benefits are provided for those who seek to organize a farm or other commercial structure - they can count on interest-free loans for development, the priority provision of a land plot, and benefits for paying rent / land tax.
Parents with many children should be allocated garden plots out of turn, interest-free loans or soft loans for construction should be provided. When employed, they receive the right to a flexible form of work (for example, part-time). Training / retraining is organized in accordance with the needs of the region in order to provide further work. Pension benefits are provided that allow mothers to retire earlier - the number of years of service is reduced in accordance with the number of children (3, 4, 5 children - 3, 4, 5 years, respectively). Families with 7 children are given monetary incentives (100 thousand rubles) and awarded the order.
Large families are entitled to:
- maternity capital (program extended until 2022), cash payments for 3 and subsequent children until they reach 3 years;
- preferential interest on a mortgage loan (6%);
- subsidy for the purchase of secondary or new housing (the possibility of providing municipal housing is also provided);
- preferential vouchers for recovery;
- preferential tickets to the following destinations - Simferopol, Far East, Kaliningrad;
- profitable car loan.
In turn, the regions can provide parents with many children with additional support programs - in order not to miss out on their benefits, you should contact the regional social welfare agency and get full information about the available benefits. This can be, in particular, food rations, additional benefits, cost compensation for a preschool institution, the allocation of a one-time amount for the purchase of clothing.
Planned innovations
Starting in 2020, it is planned to facilitate the process of obtaining benefits and allowances for large families. For this, an analysis of legislative acts adopted in different regions of the country is currently underway. The goal is to develop a common concept. The government plans to carry out the social program "Decade of Childhood" which will include over 130 projects. In particular, this is the provision of medicines for children with rare diseases, the prevention of childhood disabilities, the revision of food standards (the introduction of new standards is being prepared), the creation of a sufficient number of places in preschool institutions and the extraordinary enrollment of children from large families. All payments will be indexed in accordance with the inflation rate.
Practice shows that the support program for large families is currently not working efficiently - many do not know their rights, and officials for their part make it difficult to obtain benefits. The announced changes should improve the situation.
Read also:
- Payments for a third child in 2020
- Payments for second child in 2020
- Honorary Donor of Russia: Benefits and Payments in 2020
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